Habitações Operarias by Teixeira Bastos

(12 User reviews)   4521
By Ashley Gutierrez Posted on Dec 11, 2025
In Category - Ecology
Bastos, Teixeira, 1857-1902 Bastos, Teixeira, 1857-1902
Portuguese
Ever wonder what life was really like for the people who built the cities we live in? 'Habitações Operarias' isn't a dry history book—it's a time capsule. Written in the late 19th century, it takes you straight into the cramped, often miserable living conditions of Lisbon's working class. The book lays out a powerful argument: that the health of a city's workers directly shapes the health of the nation itself. It's a surprisingly urgent read that makes you look at the buildings around you and ask, 'Who lived here, and what was their struggle?' It’s a forgotten piece of social history that feels startlingly relevant today.
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Senators, Citizens, Soldiers, Commoners, Messengers, and Servants. SCENE: Rome, the conspirators’ camp near Sardis, and the plains of Philippi. ACT I SCENE I. Rome. A street. Enter Flavius, Marullus and a throng of Citizens. FLAVIUS. Hence! home, you idle creatures, get you home. Is this a holiday? What, know you not, Being mechanical, you ought not walk Upon a labouring day without the sign Of your profession? Speak, what trade art thou? CARPENTER. Why, sir, a carpenter. MARULLUS. Where is thy leather apron and thy rule? What dost thou with thy best apparel on? You, sir, what trade are you? COBBLER. Truly, sir, in respect of a fine workman, I am but, as you would say, a cobbler. MARULLUS. But what trade art thou? Answer me directly. COBBLER. A trade, sir, that I hope I may use with a safe conscience, which is indeed, sir, a mender of bad soles. MARULLUS. What trade, thou knave? Thou naughty knave, what trade? COBBLER. Nay, I beseech you, sir, be not out with me; yet, if you be out, sir, I can mend you. MARULLUS. What mean’st thou by that? Mend me, thou saucy fellow! COBBLER. Why, sir, cobble you. FLAVIUS. Thou art a cobbler, art thou? COBBLER. Truly, sir, all that I live by is with the awl; I meddle with no tradesman’s matters, nor women’s matters, but withal I am indeed, sir, a surgeon to old shoes: when they are in great danger, I recover them. As proper men as ever trod upon neat’s leather have gone upon my handiwork. FLAVIUS. But wherefore art not in thy shop today? Why dost thou lead these men about the streets? COBBLER. Truly, sir, to wear out their shoes, to get myself into more work. But indeed, sir, we make holiday to see Caesar, and to rejoice in his triumph. MARULLUS. Wherefore rejoice? What conquest brings he home? What tributaries follow him to Rome, To grace in captive bonds his chariot wheels? You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things! O you hard hearts, you cruel men of Rome, Knew you not Pompey? Many a time and oft Have you climb’d up to walls and battlements, To towers and windows, yea, to chimney tops, Your infants in your arms, and there have sat The livelong day with patient expectation, To see great Pompey pass the streets of Rome. And when you saw his chariot but appear, Have you not made an universal shout, That Tiber trembled underneath her banks To hear the replication of your sounds Made in her concave shores? And do you now put on your best attire? And do you now cull out a holiday? And do you now strew flowers in his way, That comes in triumph over Pompey’s blood? Be gone! Run to your houses, fall upon your knees, Pray to the gods to intermit the plague That needs must light on this ingratitude. FLAVIUS. Go, go, good countrymen, and, for this fault Assemble all the poor men of your sort, Draw them to Tiber banks, and weep your tears Into the channel, till the lowest stream Do kiss the most exalted shores of all. [_Exeunt Citizens._] See whether their basest metal be not mov’d; They vanish tongue-tied in their guiltiness. Go you down that way towards the Capitol; This way will I. Disrobe the images, If you do find them deck’d with ceremonies. MARULLUS. May we do so? You know it is the feast of Lupercal. FLAVIUS. It is no matter; let no images Be hung with Caesar’s trophies. I’ll about And drive away the vulgar from...

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This isn't a novel with a traditional plot. Instead, think of it as a powerful piece of investigative journalism from 1890. Teixeira Bastos, a journalist and social thinker, walks us through the reality of Lisbon's tenements, workshops, and alleyways. He paints a detailed picture of overcrowded rooms, poor sanitation, and the daily grind that defined life for the city's laborers. The 'story' is their struggle for dignity against a backdrop of rapid industrialization and urban neglect.

Why You Should Read It

What grabbed me was how modern the core argument feels. Bastos doesn't just describe poverty; he connects it to everything. He argues that bad housing leads to poor health, which weakens the workforce and, in turn, the entire country. He’s making a case for public health and social reform over a century ago. Reading his passionate, clear-eyed observations, you feel his frustration and his hope for a better, fairer city. It’s a reminder that the fight for decent living conditions is an old one.

Final Verdict

Perfect for history buffs who want to see beyond kings and battles, and for anyone interested in urban studies, sociology, or the roots of social policy. If you enjoy books that make you see your own city in a new light, this is a fascinating, sobering, and ultimately important piece of writing. It's a short but dense read that packs a real punch.



ℹ️ Legal Disclaimer

This text is dedicated to the public domain. It is now common property for all to enjoy.

Dorothy Nguyen
1 year ago

Based on the summary, I decided to read it and the author's voice is distinct and makes complex topics easy to digest. A valuable addition to my collection.

Donna Hill
4 months ago

This book was worth my time since the flow of the text seems very fluid. Absolutely essential reading.

Kimberly Clark
10 months ago

The fonts used are very comfortable for long reading sessions.

Kimberly Young
2 years ago

Comprehensive and well-researched.

Joshua Taylor
1 year ago

To be perfectly clear, it challenges the reader's perspective in an intellectual way. Thanks for sharing this review.

4.5
4.5 out of 5 (12 User reviews )

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